Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil obtained from the pulp of the oil palm fruits scientifically known as ‘Elaeis guineensis’ belonging to the botanical family ‘Palmae’.
Palm oil is the most popular and consumed edible oil in the world. It is used mainly for cooking, processing food items, manufacturing beauty products and as a biofuel.
Oil palm trees are supposed to have originated from Africa and are reported to have been first used by humans as early as 5,000 years ago. Palm oil has even been recovered from the tombs of pharaohs in Egypt which date back to as far back as 3,000 BCE.
At present, palm oil is an unavoidable commodity, especially for cooking and then for various industrial and manufacturing purposes.
Oil palm trees grow 60-80 feet in height and take around 4 years to start bearing the clusters of fruits that turn reddish-orange in colour upon ripening. The average economic lifespan of the trees is 25-30 years. The oil palm trees grow almost in all types of soils, however, well-drained fertile loamy and loam-clay soils are the best soil varieties for the trees that require warm and humid climates with at least 5-6 hours of sunshine for their proper growth and maximum yield.
Palm oil contains fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat, monounsaturated fat, calories and vitamin E. It is also purported to increase metabolism, help lose weight, protect against heart diseases and heal wounds.
The largest producer of palm oil in the world is Indonesia, followed by Malaysia, Thailand, Colombia and Nigeria. The largest exporter also is Indonesia, followed by, Malaysia, Netherlands, Guatemala and Papua New Guinea, while the top importers are India, China, Pakistan, Netherlands and Spain.
In India, the largest producer of palm oil is Andhra Pradesh, followed by Telangana, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Odisha, Mizoram, Assam and Bihar.
Some of the major trading markets of palm oil in India:
Andhra Pradesh (Kakinada, Krishnapatnam, Hyderabad)
Karnataka (Bellary, Bangalore, Gulbarga, Mangalore)
Tamil Nadu (Chennai, Erode, Tirunelveli, Vellore)
Names of palm oil in different Indian languages:
Hindi Taad ka tel
Tamil Palm oil
Malayalam Palm oil
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Last updated: 22/12/2023
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